ABSTRACT
Clove essential oil, used as an antiseptic in oral infections, inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as yeast. The influence of clove essential oil concentration, temperature and organic matter, in the antimicrobial activity of clove essential oil, was studied in this paper, through the determination of bacterial death kinetics. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the microorganisms selected for a biological test. To determine the temperature effect, they were assayed at 21° and 37° C. The concentration coefficient was determined with 0.4%, and 0.2% of essential oil. The influence of the presence of organic matter was determined with 0.4% of essential oil. The results obtained demonstrated that Escherichia coli were more sensitive even though the essential oil exerted a satisfactory action in three cases. In the three microbial species, 0.4% of essential oil at 21º C have reduced the bacterial population in 5 logarithmic orders. Organic matter reduces the antibacterial activity even though the bactericide efficacy was not lost. Clove essential oil can be considered as a potential antimicrobial agent for external use.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents, Local/analysis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Biological Assay/methods , Clove Oil/analysis , 60734/analysis , MethodsABSTRACT
Há muitos anos, tenta-se implantar a fitoterapia no município de Maringá, o que só foi possível em 2000, com a criação de uma comissão específica, definição das plantas segundo critérios epidemiológicos, literatura disponível e adoção do formato de farmácia de manipulação. Foram padronizados os fitoterápicos nas formas de infusão (espinheira-santa, guaco, cavalinha, hortelã e funcho), gel (própolis e calêndula) e em cápsulas gelatinosas duras (valeriana). Encontrou-se problemas com fornecedores, com diversos lotes insatisfatórios quanto à qualidade, mas ao longo do tempo o programa foi muito bem aceito. Nestes três anos de funcionamento, já foram dispensados mais de 50.000 unidades de produtos, com destaque à aceitação e eficácia da valeriana como ansiolitico, dos géis de própolis e calendula como antimicrobiano e cicatrizante, da espinheirasanta em gastrites e úlceras e do guaco como broncodilator e expectorante. Confirma-se, assim, o valor da fitoterapia no apoio às atividades básicas de saúde.
There are many years, it tries to implant the phytotherapy in the municipal district of Maringá. That implantation was only possible in 2000, with the creation of specific commission, definition of the plants according to epidemic criteria and available literature, and adoption of the format of manipulation drugstore. We have standardized the phytotherapics in the infusion forms (espinheira-santa, guaco, cavalinha, mint and fennel), gel (própolis and calendula) and in hard gelatinous capsules (valerian). There were problems with suppliers, with several unsatisfactory lots as for the quality, but along the time the program was very well accepted. On these three years of operation, there were already released more than 50.000 units of products, with prominence to the acceptance and effectiveness of the valerian as ansiolitic, two gels of propolis and calendula as antimicrobial and healing, of the espinheirasanta in gastritis and ulcers and of the guaco as broncodilator and expectorant. It is confirmed, like this, the value of the phytotherapy in the support to the basic activities of health.
ABSTRACT
Se estudió la influencia del añadido de crema de leche y leche parcialmente descremada sobre la cinética de crecimiento de Listeria monocytogenes en caldos de enriquecimiento para listerias, conteniendo diferentes concentraciones de acriflavina (15 y 7,5 mg/l). El crecimiento de Listeria monocytogenes en los caldos de enriquecimiento sufrió un retardo atribuible, al menos parcialmente, a la presencia de acriflavina. El añadido de crema de leche o leche parcialmente descremada al caldo de enriquecimiento que contiene 7,5 mg/l de acriflavina produjo un alargamiento de la fase de adaptación, pero las cosechas máximas alcanzadas a las 48 h no mostraron diferencias significativas. En presencia de 15 mg/l de acriflavina, se observó una pérdida inicial de la viabilidad de los cultivos, que fue potenciada por el agregado de crema de leche o leche parcialmente descremada al caldo de enriquecimiento. Además, la leche descremada produjo una disminución de la velocidad máxima de crecimiento que impidió alcanzar la cosecha máxima dentro de las 48 h. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren la necesidad de validar la metodología de recuperación de L. monocytogenes para cada producto, pues la eficiencia de recuperación podría ser afectada por la composición del mismo, sobre todo cuando la carga microbiana es baja
Subject(s)
Acriflavine/analysis , Dairy Products , Listeria monocytogenes/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Ozone and chlorine are agents that disinfect by destroying, neutralizing or inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The treatment of drinking water with ozone has shown to be more efficient against spores of Bacillus subtilis. It was observed that the ozone already in dose of 0.35 mg/l produced the reduction of at least 5 log in populations of approximately 1 x 10(6) cells/ml of Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Yersinia enterocolitica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. With a dose of 0.50 mg/l of chlorine, the reduction was much smaller for the tested microorganisms (except Vibrio cholerae), while the effect of 2 mg/l of chlorine was similar to the ozone treatment. For spores of Bacillus subtilis, the reduction observed with ozone concentrations of 0.35 and 0.70 mg/l was of almost 3 log, while no considerable effect was obtained with chlorine in the tested conditions. Our results have shown that both disinfectans were consumed during the treatment period, probably because of the own water demand and the added bacterial mass.
ABSTRACT
El óxido de etileno es un potente inductor de daño al material genético ensayado en sistemas tales como vegetales, Drosophila, rata y líneas celulares humanas. Al ser usado como esterilizante en instrumental de cirugía, se realiza el estudio del personal expuesto al mismo, detectándose un aumento significativo en la frecuencia de aberraciones cromosómicas hepático en los mencionados individuos
Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Rats , Animals , Humans , Female , Chromosome Aberrations , Occupational Exposure , Ethylene Oxide/toxicity , Sterilization/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Se construyo un mutante nutricional de Bacillus subtilis que requiere triptofano y uracilo exogenos para su crecimiento.Dicho mutante, denominado Bacillus subtilis BSA 170 trp-ura-, fue obtenido por transformante extraido de B. subtilis PB "3308 ura" y seleccionado por replicas en medios nutricionalmente selectivos. Ademas, una poblacion de Bacillus subtilis BSA 170 trp -ura- es capaz de desarrollar competencia para transformacion cuando es tratada de acuerdo a la metodologia propuesta por Young y Spizizen. Los estudios de transformabilidad de los marcadores trp (triptofano) y ura (uracilo) demostraron que cada uno de ellos transforma eficientemente en presencia de ADN transformante extraido de B. subtilis PB 19, prototrofo, posibilitando su empleo como celulas receptoras en estudios posteriores
Subject(s)
Bacillus subtilis , DNA , Tryptophan , UracilABSTRACT
Algunos autores han senalado una accion mutagenica para los compuestos antraquinonicos en sistemas microbianos, ya sea en forma directa o por activacion metabolica por sistema microsomal. Los compuestos mencionados tienen una amplia difusion como colarantes alimenticios, cosmeticos, farmacos y laxantes. En el presente trabajo se realizo un estudio in vitro del efecto clastogenico de un derivado antraquinonico sintetico, la l-8 Dihidroxiantraquinona y el solvente en el que se solubiliza la droga, el Dimetilsulfoxido, en cultivo de linfocitos de sangre periferica humanos Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que la droga ensayada presenta accion clastogenica en el sistema de ensayo aqui utilizad